MUNIRAH CHRONICLE
******* Today in Black History – March
2, 2015 *******
1807
- "The importation of slaves into the United States or the
territories thereof" after January
1, 1808 is banned by
Congress. Although abolitionists will
hail the ban, it will
not significantly affect the U.S. supply
of slaves. Illegal
importation will continue through
Florida and Texas. The law
also has no provision to restrict the
internal slave trade,
and the reproduction rate of American
slaves is high enough
to allow an active trade. Therefore the
domestic slave trade
continues to prosper after 1808.
1867
- Howard University is chartered by Congress in Washington, DC.
Also founded or chartered are Talladega
College in Talledega,
Alabama, Morgan State College in
Baltimore, Maryland, Johnson
C. Smith College in Charlotte, North
Carolina, and St.
Augustine's College in Raleigh, North
Carolina.
1867
- The first of a succession of Reconstruction acts is passed by
Congress. The acts divide the former Confederate states into
five military districts under the
command of army generals.
1867
- African Americans vote in municipal election in Alexandria,
Virginia, for perhaps the first time in
the South. The
election commissioners refuse to count
the fourteen hundred
votes and military officials suspend
local elections pending
clarification of the status of the
freedmen.
1867
- Elections are ordered for constitutional conventions and
freedmen are enfranchised. Commanders in some states change
the status of African Americans by
military orders. Major
General E.R.S. Canby opens the jury box
to African Americans.
African Americans are named policemen in
Mobile, Alabama.
1885
- George W. Williams, minister, lawyer and historian, is named
minister to Haiti. The appointment is vacated by the new
administration.
1896
- In the battle of Aduwa, Abyssinia (Ethiopia) defeats the
troops of the invading Italians.
1919
- Claude A. Barnett establishes the Associated Negro Press (ANP),
the first national news service for
African American
newspapers. The goal of the ANP is to
provide national news
releases to African American publishers.
The ANP will operate
for the next 48 years and have, at one
time, 95% of all
African American newspapers as
subscribers.
1921
- Harry Pace establishes Pace Phonograph Corporation to produce
records on the Black Swan label. It is the first African
American owned and operated record
company and will record
blues, jazz, spirituals, and operatic
arias.
1938
- Operatic baritone, Simon Estes is born in Centerville, Iowa.
He will be noted for his leading roles
in Wagnerian operas
and will sing at the opening of the 1972 Summer Olympic
Games in Munich, Germany. He will enjoy
the acclaim of
audiences and critics around the globe.
Since his debut
with the Deutsche Oper Berlin in 1965,
he will perform with
major international opera companies
including the
Metropolitan Opera, New York; Lyric
Opera, Chicago; San
Francisco Opera; La Scala Milan; Deutsche
Opera, Berlin;
Royal Opera House, Covent Garden; The
Washington Opera;
L'Opéra de Paris; Gran Teatre del Liceu
in Barcelona; the
States Operas of Hamburg, Munich, Vienna
and Zurich and at
the Bayreuth, Salzburg and Glyndebourne
Festivals. A noted
recitalist and orchestra soloist as
well, he will sing with
the world's leading orchestras. His love and concern for
youth is manifested in the four
scholarship organizations
that bear his name; The Simon Estes
Scholarship Fund at the
University of Iowa; The Simon and
Westella H. Estes
Scholarship Fund at Centerville
Community College, Centerville,
Iowa; The Simon Estes Iowa Arts
Scholarship and The Simon Estes
Educational Foundation, Inc. in Tulsa,
Oklahoma. This latter
Foundation being the most broad-based
will spawn the formation
of The Simon Estes International
Foundation, Inc., Zurich,
Switzerland in 1984 and The Simon Estes
Foundation, Cape Town,
South Africa in 1996. Restricted music
scholarships are offered
in his name at Centerville Community
College, the University of
Iowa and through the Simon Estes Iowa
Arts Scholarship Fund.
1957
- Mark Dean is born in Jefferson City, Tennessee. He will
receive a BSEE degree from the
University of Tennessee in
1979, a MSEE degree from Florida
Atlantic University in
1982, and a Ph.D. in Electrical
Engineering from Stanford
University in 1992. He will become an
engineer for the IBM
Corporation. During his career with IBM,
he will hold
several engineering positions in the
area of computer
system hardware architecture and design.
He will work on
establishing the strategy, architecture,
design and
business plan for proposed video server
offerings and
studyd the technology and business
opportunity for settop
boxes. He will also be chief engineer for the development
of the IBM PC/AT, ISA systems bus, PS/2
Model 70 & 80, the
Color Graphics Adapter and numerous
other subsystems. He
will become an IBM Fellow and Vice
President of Systems in
IBM Research. He will be responsible for
the research and
application of systems technologies
spanning circuits to
operating environments. Key technologies
in his research
team will include cellular systems
structures (Blue Gene),
digital visualization, DA tools, Linux
optimizations for
Pervasive, SMPs & Clusters, Settop
Box integration, MXT,
S/390 & PowerPC processors, super
dense servers, formal
verification methods and high speed low
power circuits.
His awards will include induction as a
member of the
National Academy of Engineering, the
Black Engineer of the
Year Award, the NSBE Distinguished
Engineer award, the
Black Engineer of the Year President's
Award, induction
into the National Inventor’s Hall of
Fame in Akron, OH and
recipient of the Ronald H. Brown
American Innovators Award
in Washington, DC. He will be appointed
to IBM Fellow in
1995, IBM's highest technical honor.
Only 50 out of
310,000 IBM employees have the level of
IBM Fellow. He will
also be a member of the IBM Academy of
Technology, serving
on the Technology Council Board. He will
receive several
academic and IBM awards, including
thirteen Invention
Achievement Awards and six Corporate
Awards. He will also
have more than 30 patents or patents
pending.
1961
- 180 African American students and a white minister are arrested
in Columbia, South Carolina after
anti-segregation march.
1962
- Philadelphia 76er Wilt Chamberlain scores 100 points in an NBA
game against the New York Knicks. It is a feat Chamberlain
will repeat but one which has not been
equaled by another NBA
player to date.
1963
- Suzette DeGaetano is born in Mays Landing, New Jersey. As
Suzette Charles, she will represent New
Jersey in the 1984
Miss America competition. She will win
the preliminary talent
competition but will finish as first
runner-up to Vanessa Lynn
Williams. When Williams is asked to
resign her crown after
nude photographs of her came to light,
Charles will be
declared to be the second Miss America
for 1984, making her
the second African American Miss America
after Williams.
1980
- Thomas "Hit Man" Hearns wins the vacant USBA Welterweight
title. This is one of five weight
classes in which he wins
a boxing title, making him the first
African American to win
boxing titles in five different weight
classes.
1986
- Sidney Barthelemy is elected mayor of New Orleans, Louisiana,
succeeding Ernest Morial as the second
African American mayor
of the city.
1988
- J. Saunders Redding, author, joins the ancestors in Ithaca,
New York at the age of 81.
1990
- Carole Gist, of Detroit, Michigan, is crowned Miss USA. She
becomes the first African American to
win the title.
2003
- Hank Ballard, Rock and Roll Hall of Fame member, joins the
ancestors after succumbing to throat
cancer in Los Angeles,
California. He wrote "The Twist" and other hits.
*********************************************************
The source for these facts are "Encyclopedia Britannica,
"InfoBeat,"
"I, Too, Sing
Book of Days," "Before the Mayflower", "Black Firsts" and
independent research by Rene’ A. Perry.
*********************************************************
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